High-functioning people with autistic disorder have biological differences from controls when consciously and unconsciously processing facial emotions, and these differences are most likely to be neurodevelopmental in origin. Notably, they did not activate a cortical `face area' when explicitly appraising expressions, or the left amygdala region and left cerebellum when implicitly processing emotional facial expressions. Subjects with autistic disorder differed significantly from controls in the activity of cerebellar, mesolimbic and temporal lobe cortical regions of the brain when processing facial expressions. We used functional MRI to investigate brain activity in nine adults with autistic disorder (mean age ± standard deviation 37 ± 7 years IQ 102 ± 15) and nine controls (27 ± 7 years IQ 116 ± 10) when explicitly (consciously) and implicitly (unconsciously) processing emotional facial expressions. Facial expressions help shape behaviour, and we investigated if high-functioning people with autistic disorder show neurobiological differences from controls when processing emotional facial expressions. However, the biological basis of social difficulties in autism is poorly understood. autism and Asperger syndrome) are of normal intelligence, they have life-long abnormalities in social communication and emotional behaviour. Although high-functioning individuals with autistic disorder (i.e.
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